Showing posts with label Digital Electronics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Digital Electronics. Show all posts

Saturday, 21 December 2013

3) Number system conversions

I)How to convert any radix number to decimal number system ?

Any radix number to  Decimal number system    

                                                               



where
     p-> No of digits to the left of the radix.
     n->No of digits to the right of the radix.
     d->value of the number.
     r->radix of the number.

1)Binary to Decimal conversion
       Example
             101112 = 1*24  + 0*23 + 1*22 + 1*21 + 1*20 = 2310
        

2)Octal number system to Decimal number system
        Example
              278 = 2*81 + 7*80  = 2310

3)Hexadecimal number system to Decimal number system
        Example
              1716 = 1*161 +7*160  = 2310

II)How to convert decimal to any radix number?

   1)Decimal to Binary conversion
        Example
              2310 = 101112
             
2)23      Remainder
2)11   ----1
2)5 --------1
2)2---------1
2)1----------0

  2)Decimal to  Octal conversion
          Example
                2310 = 278

8)23   Remainder
8)2  -----7

    3)Decimal to hexadecimal conversion
            Example
                  2310 = 1716

16)23     Remainder
16)1  -----7


More examples

1)Binary to octal
Example
11011.0112   = 011 011 . 011 = 33.38( group of 3s)

2)Binary  to hexadecimal
Example
11011.0112 = 0001 1011 . 0110 = 1B.616(group of 4s)

3)Decimal to binary conversion
Example
0.710 = ?2
0.7*2=1.4
0.4*2=0.8
0.8*2=1.6
0.6*2=1.2
Ans
 0.710 = 0.10112

4)Octal to binary conversions
Example
(123.4567)8 = (001 010 011 . 100 101 110 111)2

5)Hexadecimal to binary conversions
Example
(123A.58C)16  = (0001 0010 0011 1010 . 0101 1000 1100)2

Monday, 25 November 2013

2)Number Systems

Binary

      >> The binary number system is very simple because it consist of only two digits, ie 0 and 1.
      >> The base or radix of binary system is 2.
      >> In the digital system, each of the binary digits is called bit and group of 4 bits and 8 bits are called a nibble and a bytes respectively.

Decimal
  
     >>The decimal number system uses the digits 0,1,2,...9. It is commonly used even though there are many other number systems.
     >>The base or radix of binary system is 10.

Octal

     >>The octal number system uses the digits 0,1,2,....7.
     >>The base or radix of octal system is 8.

Hexadecimal
   
     >>The hexadecimal number system uses the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. The symbols A, B, C, D, E, F represents 10,11,12,13,14,15 respectively.
    >> The base or radix of hexadecimal system is 16.

Sunday, 24 November 2013

1)Introduction

Digital Circuits

A digital circuit operates with binary numbers i.e only in two states either low (0) and high (1). In general, 0 represent zero volt and 1 represent five volts.
>>Digital circuits are small in size, less affected by noise, low power consumption.
>>The data is usually in binary states and is processed and stored electronically to prevent errors due to noise and interfering signals.
>>Digital circuits find application in computers, telephony, data processing, radar navigation, military system, medical instruments, and consumer products.
>>The general properties of number system, methods of conversion from one to another, arithmetic operation, weighting codes, non-weighted codes, error detecting codes and correcting codes are discussed in my future post.


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